The Vermileonidae, larvae of which are commonly known as worm lions, are known from four genera (one fossil; three extant). Adults of extant forms feed on nectar of flowers. Larvae form pits much like the myrmeleonid ant-lion larvae and lie in wait of prey, usually ants, to fall into the trap. There the prey are seized and their juices consumed by the worm lion larva.
In addition to the species listed below, Kovalev in Kalugina & Kovalev (1985: 183) recorded undetermined material of this family from the Jurassic deposits of Kubekov, Siberia.

PROTOBRACHYCERON Handlirsch, 1920: 205. Type species: Protobrachyceron liasinum Handlirsch, 1920, by monotypy.

liasinum Handlirsch, 1920: 205. PA: Germany (Lower Jurassic) [C].

PROTOVERMILEO Hennig, 1967a: 6. Type species: Protovermileo electricus Hennig, 1967, by monotypy.

electricus Hennig, 1967a: 26. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].