Dolichopodids, commonly called long-legged flies, are found worldwide and consist of over 5,000 species in some 150 genera. Adults and most larvae are predaceous on other insects and small invertebrates. Adults of extant forms inhabit moist, cool, sylvan habitats near water sources where they can be found resting on tree trunks, vegetation, or skating on the water surface in pursuit of prey items. Larvae are found in rotting vegetation, wet soil, and under bark where they are scavengers or predators.

The Dolichopodidae are well represented in the fossil record, especially as amber inclusions. Although only Baltic amber material of this family has been described to any extent, the family is present in most other faunas as well (Spahr, 1985). Many adults of this family are tree associates and patrol up and down trunks in search of both mates and food. Hence, they are especially susceptible to being entrapped in tree resins and fossilized in amber. Modern trunk-associated dolichopodids include: most Medeterinae (especially Medetera Fischer von Waldheim and Systenus Loew), all Neurigoninae, Achalcus Loew, many Sciapodinae (especially Sciapus Zeller s. str.), and some Diaphorinae. All of these taxa also occur in Baltic amber.

As seen in Baltic amber faunas generally (Larsson, 1978), most recent insect families had radiated by the Early Tertiary. This is the case with the Dolichopodidae, and genera appear well defined and essentially modern at that time. However, the Baltic amber fauna described by Meunier is badly in need of revision, especially in light of large unworked collections of fossils in many institutions. Particular attention must be paid to Meunier's generic concepts and species placements.

In addition to the determined material listed below, undetermined material of this family has been recorded from the Upper Cretaceous ambers of Canada (McAlpine & Martin, 1969: 837) and Siberia (Zherichin & Sukacheva, 1973: 18, 37), the Oligocene/Miocene amber of the Dominican Republic, and Miocene amber of Chiapas, Mexico (Poinar, 1992), the Lower Miocene deposits of Sado Island, Japan (Fujiyama, 1985: 43), the Miocene Bitterfeld amber of Germany (Schumann & Wendt, 1989), and the Eocene/Oligocene deposits of the Bembridge Marls on the Isle of Wight (Jarzembowski, 1976: 12).

Ref.: Meunier (1907c­j,1908a­d, f, review of Baltic amber taxa).

*ACHALCUS Loew, 1857: 30. Type species: Porphyrops flavicollis Meigen, 1824, by subsequent designation of Robinson (1970: 22).

latipennis Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907g: 245]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
latipennis Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

*ANEPSIUS Loew, 1857: 45. Type species: Porphyrops flaviventris Meigen, 1824, by original designation. [Preoccupied by Lec, 1851.]
*ANEPSIOMYIA Bezzi, 1902: 192 (new replacement name for Anepsius Loew). Type species: Porphyrops flaviventris Meigen, 1824, automatic.

planipedia Meunier, 1907e: 221 [1908f: 58] (Anepsius). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
planipedius Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

*ARGYRA Macquart, 1834: 456. Type species: Musca diaphana Fabricius, 1775, by subsequent designation of Rondani (1856: 141).

arguta Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907f: 234] (Porphyrops). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
argutus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Porphyrops). Nomen nudum.
debellata Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908c: 29]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
debellata Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
debilis Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908c: 30]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
debilis Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
deceptoria Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908c: 30]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
deceptoria Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
inclyta Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907f: 234] (Porphyrops). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
inclytus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
mutabilis Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908c: 30]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
mutabilis Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
succinorum Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907f: 233] (Porphyrops). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
succinorum Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Porphyrops). Nomen nudum.

CAMPTOSCELES Haliday, 1832: 357 (as Medeterus subgenus). Suppressed by I.C.Z.N. (1958b: 349).
*CAMPSICNEMUS Haliday in Walker, 1852a: 187. Type species: Dolichopus scambus Fallén, 1823, by validation of I.C.Z.N. (1958b: 351).
*CAMPTOSCELUS Kertész, 1909c: 306 (unjustified emendation of Camptosceles Haliday). Type species: Dolichopus scambus Fallén, 1823, automatic.

gracilis Meunier, 1907e: 221 [1908f: 57]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
gracilis Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

*CHRYSOTUS Meigen, 1824: 40. Type species: Musca nigripes Fabricius, 1794, by subsequent designation of Westwood (1840: 134).

antipellus Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum.
apicalis Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum.
ciliatus Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum. [Preoccupied by Malloch, 1914.]
dasycerus Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum.
decorus Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907i: 269]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
decorus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
delecocerus Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum.
furcatus Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum.
lepidus Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907i: 270]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
lepidus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
praeconcinnus Evenhuis, 1994: in this work (new replacement name for concinnus Meunier). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
concinnus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum. [Preoccupied by Zetterstedt, 1843.]
concinnus Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907i: 270]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/ Oligocene) [A]. [Preoccupied by Zetterstedt, 1843.]
semiciliatus Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum.
setosus Giebel, 1856: 205. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
stanciui Parent, 1936: 211. PA: Romania (Oligocene) [A].
stylatus Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum.
terminaeus Keilbach, 1982: 375. Nomen nudum.
Unidentified sp.-PA: UK (England) (Pliocene) [A] (Reid, 1884: 602).
Unidentified sp.-PA: Poland (Pleistocene) [C] (Lomnicki, 1894: 100).

*DIAPHORUS Meigen, 1824: 32. Type species: Diaphorus flavocinctus Meigen, 1824 [= Dolichopus oculatus Fallén, 1823], by subsequent designation of Westwood (1840: 134).
*LYRONEURUS Loew, 1857: 38. Type species: Lyroneurus coerulescens Loew, 1857, by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 563).

modestus Keilbach, 1982: 377. Nomen nudum.
soccatus Meunier, 1899e: 179 (Dolichopus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A]. [Preoccupied in Dolichopus by Walker, 1849; no new name proposed here.]
soccatus Keilbach, 1982: 377. Nomen nudum.
tertiarius Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908a: 8]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
tertiarius Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
venustus Meunier, 1907i: 269 (Lyroneurus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
venustus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

*DOLICHOPUS Latreille, 1797: 159. Type species: Musca ungulata Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation of Latreille (1810: 443).
*HYGROCELEUTHUS Loew, 1857: 10. Type species: Dolichopus latipennis Fallén, 1823, by subsequent designation Coquillett (1910: 554).

bickeli Evenhuis, 1994: in this work (new replacement name for vulgaris Meunier). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].

GHEYNIA Meunier, 1899c: 322. Type species: Gheynia bifurcatus Meunier, 1907, by subsequent monotypy in Meunier (1907c: 199) (as "Gheynius bifurcatus").
GHEYNIUS. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Gheynia (Meunier, 1906d: 617 [1907c: 199]).

bifurcata Meunier, 1907c: 199 [1908a: 8]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
bifurcatus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

*HERCOSTOMUS Loew, 1857: 9. Type species: Sybistroma longiventris Loew, 1857, by original designation.
*GYMNOPTERNUS Loew, 1857: 10. Type species: Dolichopus cupreus Fallén, 1823, by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 548).

*POECILOBOTHRUS Mik, 1878: 1. Type species: Dolichopus regalis Meigen, 1824, by original designation.

ciliatus Meunier, 1907e: 221 (Poecilobothrus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
ciliatus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

bauckhorni Meunier, 1915c: 206 (Gymnopternus). PA: Germany (Oligocene) [C].
devinctus Meunier, 1907e: 221 (Gymnopternus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/ Oligocene) [A].
devinctus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Gymnopternus). Nomen nudum.
devictus. Incorrect original spelling of devinctus (Meunier, 1907e: 221).
diaphorus Keilbach, 1982: 377 (Gymnopternus). Nomen nudum.
interceptus Meunier, 1907e: 221 (Gymnopternus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/ Oligocene) [A].
interceptus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Gymnopternus). Nomen nudum.
intremulus Meunier, 1907e: 221 (Gymnopternus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/ Oligocene) [A].
intremulus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Gymnopternus). Nomen nudum.
inumbratus Meunier, 1907e: 221 (Gymnopternus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/ Oligocene) [A].
inumbratus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Gymnopternus). Nomen nudum.
quievreuxi Parent & Quiévreux, 1935: 151. PA: France (Oligocene) [C].

*MEDETERA Fischer von Waldheim, 1819: 7. Type species: Medetera carnivora Fischer von Waldheim, 1819 [= Musca diadema Linnaeus, 1767], by monotypy.
MEDETERUS Meigen, 1824: 59 (unjustified emendation of Medetera Fischer von Waldheim). Type species: Medetera carnivora Fischer von Waldheim, 1819 [= Musca diadema Linnaeus, 1767], automatic.

elegantula Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907g: 245]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
elegantula Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum
flammea Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907g: 246]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
flammea Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
frauenfeldi Giebel, 1856: 205. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
lasciva Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907g: 246]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
lasciva Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
mustela Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907h: 260]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
mustela Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
vana Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907h: 260]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
vana Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

*NEMATOPROCTUS Loew, 1857: 40. Type species: Porphyrops annulata Macquart, 1827 [= Chrysotus distendens Meigen, 1824], by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 574).

alsiosus Meunier, 1910c: 141. AF: Tanzania (Pleistocene/Holocene) [K].
originarius Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908a: 8]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
originarius Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
pacatus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908b: 21]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
pacatus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
parcus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908b: 21]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
parcus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
parvulus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908b: 22]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
parvulus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
parvus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908b: 21]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
parvus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
subparvus Meunier, 1916a: 278. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].

*NEURIGONA Rondani, 1856: 142. Type species: Musca quadrifasciata Fabricius, 1781, by original designation.
*SAUCROPUS Loew, 1857: 41 (unnecessary new replacement name for Neurigona Rondani). Type species: Musca quadrifasciata Fabricius, 1781, automatic.
*NEUROGONA Oldenberg, 1904: 80 (unjustified emendation of Neurigona Rondani). Type species: Musca quadrifasciata Fabricius, 1781, automatic.

corcula Meunier, 1907e: 222. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
corcula Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Saucropus). Nomen nudum.

*ONCOPYGIUS Mik, 1866: 307. Type species: Systenus ornatus Mik, 1866 [= Sybistroma distans Loew, 1857, by monotypy.

gracilior Statz, 1940: 137. PA: Germany (Oligocene) [C].
oligocaenicus Statz, 1940: 137. PA: Germany (Oligocene) [C].
venustus Statz, 1940: 138. PA: Germany (Oligocene) [C].

PALAEOARGYRA Meunier, 1895b: 5. Type species: Palaeoargyra dytei Evenhuis, 1993, by present designation.
[Palaeoargyra originally proposed without included species. The type designated is the first inclusion of a named species within the genus in accordance with the Code.]

dytei Evenhuis, 1994: in this work (new species). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/ Oligocene) [A].
[Species-group name valid by bibliographic reference to characters given in Meunier (1895b: 5) for the genus Palaeoargyra.]

PALAEOMEDETERUS Meunier, 1895c: 174. Type species: Tipula culiciforme Meunier, 1899, by subsequent monotypy in Meunier (1899e: 174).
PALAEOCHRYSOTUS Meunier, 1906d: 617 [1906e: 267]. Nomen nudum.
PALAEOCHRYSOTUS Meunier, 1907c: 199 [1907i : 270]. Type species: Palaeochrysotus horridus Meunier, 1907, by subsequent designation of Spahr (1985: 36).

culiciformis Meunier, 1899e: 174 (Tipula). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A]. [Preoccupied by Linnaeus, 1758; no new replacement name proposed here.].
fessus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908a: 7] (Palaeochrysotus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
fessus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Palaeochrysotus). Nomen nudum.
hirsutus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1907i: 270] (Palaeochrysotus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
hirsutus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Palaeochrysotus). Nomen nudum.
horridus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1907i: 270] (Palaeochrysotus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
horridus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Palaeochrysotus). Nomen nudum.
ignavus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1907j: 281] (Palaeochrysotus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
ignavus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Palaeochrysotus). Nomen nudum.
languidus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1907j: 282] (Palaeochrysotus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
languidus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Palaeochrysotus). Nomen nudum.
lassatus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908a: 8] (Palaeochrysotus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
lassatus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Palaeochrysotus). Nomen nudum.
lentus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1907j: 281] (Palaeochrysotus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
lentus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Palaeochrysotus). Nomen nudum.

PROCHRYSOTUS Meunier, 1906d: 617. Nomen nudum.
PROCHRYSOTUS Meunier, 1906e: 267. Nomen nudum.
PROCHRYSOTUS Meunier, 1907c: 199. Type species: Prochrysotus magnus Meunier, 1907, by monotypy.

magnus Meunier, 1907c: 198 [1907d: 210, 1907i: 269]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].

PROSYSTENUS Negrobov, 1976: 122 (1977: 495). Type species: Prosystenus zherichini Negrobov, 1976, by original designation.

zherichini Negrobov, 1976: 122 (1977: 496). PA: Russia (Sakhalin I) (Paleocene/Eocene) [A].

*RHAPHIUM Meigen, 1803: 272. Type species: Rhaphium macrocerum Meigen, 1824, by subsequent designation of Curtis (1835: pl. 568).
*XIPHANDRIUM Loew, 1857: 36. Type species: Rhaphium quadrifilatum Loew, 1857 (as "quadrifilum") [= Rhaphium ensicorne Meigen, 1824], by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 621).

splendidum Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907f: 233] (Xiphandrium). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
splendidum Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
Unidentified sp.-PA: UK (England) (Pliocene) [A] (Reid, 1886: 248).

*PSILOPUS Meigen, 1824: 35. Type species: Dolichopus platypterus Fabricius, 1805, by subsequent designation of Westwood (1840: 134). [Preoccupied by Poli, 1795.]
*SCIAPUS Zeller, 1842: 831 (new replacement name for Psilopus Meigen). Type species: Dolichopus platypterus Fabricius, 1805, automatic.

amabilis Statz, 1940: 139. PA: Germany (Oligocene) [C]. [Preoccupied by Parent, 1929; no new replacement name proposed here.]
combaluzieri Timon-David, 1944: 129. PA: France (Oligocene) [C].
pellucidus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908b: 22] (Psilopus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
pellucidus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Psilopus). Nomen nudum.
peratticus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908b: 22] (Psilopus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
peratticus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Psilopus). Nomen nudum.
persastutulus Meunier, 1907d: 210 [1908b: 22] (Psilopus). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
persastutulus Meunier, 1907c: 198 (Psilopus). Nomen nudum.
rottensis Statz, 1940: 139. PA: Germany (Oligocene) [C].

SEPTOCELLULA Hong, 1981: 106. Type species: Septocellula asiatica Hong, 1981, by original designation.

asiatica Hong, 1981: 109. PA: China (Eocene) [A].
fera Hong, 1981: 113. PA: China (Eocene) [A].
ferina. Incorrect original spelling of fera (Hong, 1981: 6).
trichopoda Hong, 1981: 116. PA: China (Eocene) [A].

*SYSTENUS Loew, 1857: 34. Type species: Rhaphium adpropinquans Loew, 1857 [= Rhaphium pallipes Roser, 1840], by subsequent designation of Foote et al. (1965: 517).

ciliatus Meunier, 1907e: 222 [1907g: 245]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
ciliatus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

*TEUCHOPHORUS Loew, 1857: 44. Type species: Dolichopus spinigerellus Zetterstedt, 1843, by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 613).

sobrius Meunier, 1910c: 142. AF: Tanzania (Pleistocene/Holocene) [K].

*THINOPHILUS Wahlberg, 1844: 37. Type species: Rhaphium flavipalpe Zetterstedt, 1843, by monotypy.

piraticus Meunier, 1907e: 222 [1908f: 58]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
piraticus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

*THRYPTICUS Gerstaecker, 1864: 43. Type species: Thrypticus smaragdinus Gerstaecker, 1864, by monotypy.

gestuosus Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907h: 262]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
gestuosus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
gulosus Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907h: 262]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
gulosus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
molestus Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907h: 261]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
molestus Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.
sobrius Meunier, 1907d: 209 [1907h: 261]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].
sobrius Meunier, 1907c: 198. Nomen nudum.

WHEELERENOMYIA Meunier, 1907c: 199. Type species: Wheelerenomyia eocenica Meunier, 1907, by monotypy.

eocenica Meunier, 1907c: 198 [1907e: 222, 1908f: 58]. PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/Oligocene) [A].

*XANTHOCHLORUS Loew, 1857: 42. Type species: Medeterus ornatus Haliday, 1832, by subsequent designation of Coquillett (1910: 620).

tenellus Statz, 1940: 138. PA: Germany (Oligocene) [C]. [Preoccupied by Wiedemann,, 1828; no new name proposed here.]

pusilla Meunier, 1904c: 73 [1904d: 62] (Sciara). PA: Baltic Region (Eocene/ Oligocene) [A]. [Preoccupied by Meigen, 1818; no new replacement name proposed here.]